Oscar von Seth defends his thesis Outsiders and Others: Queer Friendships in Novels by Hermann Hesse.

Doctoral thesis: Outsiders and Others: Queer Friendships in Novels by Hermann Hesse
Subject: Comparative Literature
Research area: Critical and Cultural Theory
Graduate School: The Baltic and East European Graduate School (BEEGS)
External reviewer: Jack Halberstam, professor of Gender Studies and English, Department of English and Comparative Literature, Columbia University, New York, USA
Language: English

Summary
Friendship between men is a key theme in the novels by Hermann Hesse, one of the most widely read German-language authors of the twentieth century and recipient of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1946. Hesse’s protagonists are usually depicted as outsiders who come to know themselves in an intimate bond with another man. The friend is almost always portrayed as rebellious, beautiful, enigmatic, and inspiring, and comes to play a key role in the protagonist’s personal development and journey through life. Outsiders and Others draws on queer theories and queer concepts to explore how characters in Hesse’s fiction intersect with and connote queerness—such as homoeroticism and non-conformism—and argues that the friendships at the center of Hesse’s stories are “queer friendships” that challenge heteronormative conceptions of relationality, sexuality, and desire. With readings of the novels Peter Camenzind (1904) and Der Steppenwolf (1927), this thesis demonstrates that queerness is an essential element in Hesse’s frequent depictions of friendship.